Dental plaque is the primary cause of gum disease in genetically susceptible individuals. Plaque constantly forms on your teeth, and each person has millions of bacteria living in their mouth. When combined with saliva, food debris, and other particles, bacteria form plaque—a sticky substance that accumulates near the gum line.

Bacteria in plaque produce toxins that irritate the gums, causing redness, swelling, and easy bleeding. If this irritation continues, the gums may separate from the teeth, forming pockets (spaces). As periodontal disease progresses, the supporting gum tissue and bone that hold the teeth in place deteriorate. If left untreated, this can lead to tooth loss.

If plaque is not properly removed, it hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist or hygienist.

Periodontal disease can also be accelerated by several factors, including:

• Smoking
• Diabetes
• Stress
• Teeth grinding and clenching
• Certain medications
• Poor nutrition

Adults over 35 lose more teeth to gum disease than to cavities. In fact, three out of four adults experience some form of gum disease during their lifetime.

The best way to prevent cavities and periodontal disease is through proper daily brushing and flossing. However, even with diligent home care, some individuals may still develop gum disease. Once the disease starts, professional dental intervention is necessary to stop its progression.

Periodontal disease can be accelerated by several factors. However, its primary cause is the bacteria found in dental plaque. Other important factors that can impact gum health include:

• Smoking
• Diabetes
• Stress
• Teeth grinding and clenching
• Certain medications
• Poor nutrition

The earliest stage of gum disease is gingivitis, which occurs when bacteria accumulate at the gum line, causing irritation and inflammation. This stage is often difficult to detect, as symptoms may be mild. The gums may appear slightly red and swollen, but the most noticeable sign is bleeding during brushing or flossing.

At this stage, gingivitis affects only the gum tissue and does not impact the underlying bone that supports the teeth. With proper oral hygiene and professional dental care, gingivitis is reversible.

If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress into periodontitis, which means “inflammation around a tooth.” Periodontitis is more severe and results in gum tissue pulling away from the teeth.

As the gums recede, pockets form between the teeth and gums, allowing bacteria to accumulate and spread below the gum line. The body responds to the infection by breaking down connective tissue and bone, which weakens the support structure of the teeth. If left untreated, periodontitis significantly increases the risk of tooth loss.

The most immediate reason to treat gum disease is to prevent tooth loss. However, research shows that gum disease and chronic inflammation may also contribute to systemic health issues, including heart disease, diabetes, and other conditions.

At Muswell Hill Smile, we provide individualized care to prevent and treat gum disease through early detection and excellent oral hygiene care. If diagnosed, we will create a personalized treatment plan to restore your gum health.

Keep Your Hygiene Healthy!

Contact us today to schedule your dental check-up and maintain a healthy, confident smile.